Amitabh Bachchan (born Amitabh Harivansh Bachchan on October 11, 1942), is an Indian film actor. He first gained popularity in the early 1970s as the "angry young man" of Bollywood cinema, and has since become one of the most prominent figures in the history of Indian Cinema.

Bachchan has won numerous major awards in his career, including three National Film Awards and twelve Filmfare Awards. He holds the

record for most number of Best Actor nominations at the Filmfare Awards. In addition to acting, Bachchan has worked as a playback

singer, film producer and television presenter, and was an elected member of the Indian Parliament from 1984 to 1987.

Bachchan is married to actress Jaya Bhaduri. They have two children, Shweta Nanda and Abhishek Bachchan. Abhishek is also an actor and

is married to actress Aishwarya Rai.

Born in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Amitabh Bachchan hails from a Hindu-Sikh family. His father, Dr. Harivansh Rai Bachchan was a

well-known Hindi poet, while his mother, Teji Bachchan was a Sikh-Punjabi from Faisalabad (now in Pakistan). Bachchan was initially

named Inquilaab, inspired from the famous phrase Inquilab Zindabad, during the Indian independence struggle, but was re-christened

Amitabh which means, "the light that would never go off." Though his surname was Shrivastava, his father had adopted the pen-name

Bachchan, under which he published all his works. It is with this last name that Amitabh debuted in films, and, for all public purposes,

it has become the surname of all members of his current family.

Amitabh is the elder of Harivansh Rai Bachchan's two sons, the second being Ajitabh. His mother had a keen interest in theatre and had

been offered a role in a film, but preferred her domestic duties. She had some degree of influence in Bachchan's choice of career

because she always insisted that he should take the centre stage. He attended Allahabad's Jnana Prabodhini and Boys' High School

(BHS), followed by Nainital's Sherwood College, where he majored in the art stream. He later went on to study at Kirori Mal College of

the University of Delhi and completed a Bachelor of Science degree. In his twenties, Bachchan gave up a job as freight broker for the

shipping firm, Bird and Co., based in Calcutta now known as Kolkata, to pursue a career in acting.

Bachchan made his film debut in 1969 as one of the seven protagonists in Saat Hindustani, a film directed by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas and

featuring Utpal Dutt, Madhu and Jalal Agha. Though the film was not a financial success, Bachchan won his first National Film Award for

Best Newcomer.

The critically acclaimed and commercially successful Anand (1971) followed, where he starred alongside Rajesh Khanna. Bachchan's role as

a doctor with a cynical view of life garned him a Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award. Amitabh then played the role of an infatuated

lover in Parwaana (1971) opposite Navin Nischol, Yogeeta Bali and Om Prakash and was a rare instance of him portraying the villain. This

was followed by several films which were not particularly successful at the box office including Reshma Aur Shera (1971). During this

time, he made a guest appearance in the film Guddi which starred his future wife Jaya Bhaduri opposite Dharmendra. Noted for his deep

baritone voice early on in his career, he narrated part of the film Bawarchi. In 1972, he made an appearance in the road action comedy

Bombay to Goa, directed by S. Ramanathan. He starred alongside actors such as Aruna Irani, Mehmood, Anwar Ali and Nasir Hussain.

1973 saw significant development in Bachchan's career when director Prakash Mehra cast him in the leading role for the film Zanjeer

(1973) as Inspector Vijay Khanna. The film was a sharp contrast to the romantically themed films that had generally preceded it and

established Amitabh in a new persona—the "angry young man" of Bollywood cinema, a reputation he was to acquire in pictures that

followed it. It was his first film as the leading protagonist to achieve box office success and earned him a Filmfare Nomination for

Best Actor. 1973 was also the year he married Jaya and around this time they appeared in several films together, not only in Zanjeer but

in films such as Abhimaan which followed and was released only a month after their marriage. Later, Bachchan played the role of Vikram

in the film Namak Haraam, a social drama directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee and scripted by Biresh Chatterjee addressing themes of

friendship. His supporting role opposite Rajesh Khanna and Rekha was praised and won him the Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award.

In 1974, Bachchan made several guest appearances in films such as Kunwara Baap and Dost, before playing a supporting role in the highest

grossing film of that year, Roti Kapda Aur Makaan. The film, directed and written by Manoj Kumar, addressed themes of honesty in the

face of oppression and financial and emotional hardship was a critical and commercial success, placing Amitabh opposite Kumar himself,

Shashi Kapoor and Zeenat Aman. Bachchan then played the leading role in film Majboor, released on December 6, 1974, which was a remake

of the Hollywood film Zigzag starring George Kennedy. The film was only a moderate success at the box office In 1975, he starred in a

variety of film genres from the comedy Chupke Chupke, the crime drama Faraar to the romantic drama Mili. However 1975 was the year when

he appeared in two films which are regarded as important in Hindi cinematic history. He starred in the Yash Chopra directed film Deewar,

opposite Shashi Kapoor, Nirupa Roy, and Neetu Singh, which earned him a Filmfare Nomination for Best Actor. The film became a major hit

at the box office in 1975, ranking in at number 4. Indiatimes Movies ranks Deewaar amongst the Top 25 Must See Bollywood Films.[8]

Released on August 15, 1975 was Sholay (meaning flames), which became the highest grossing film of all time in India, earning Rs.

2,36,45,00,000 equivalent to US$ 60 million, after adjusting for inflation. Bachchan played the role of Jaidev opposite a cast which

included some of the top names in the industry including Dharmendra, Hema Malini, Sanjeev Kumar, Jaya Bhaduri and Amjad Khan. In 1999,

BBC India declared it the "Film of the Millennium" and like Deewar, has been cited by Indiatimes movies as amongst the Top 25 Must See

Bollywood Films. In that same year, the judges of the 50th annual Filmfare awards awarded it with the special distinction award

called Filmfare Best Film of 50 Years.

After the success of films such as Sholay at the box office, Bachchan had now consolidated his position in the industry and from 1976

through to 1984 would receive an unprecedented number of Filmfare Best Actor Award Awards and nominations. Although films such as Sholay

cemented his status as Bollywood's pre-eminent action hero, Bachchan illustrated that he was flexible in other roles, successfully

playing the romantic lead, in films such as Kabhie Kabhie (1976) and comic timing in comedies such as Amar Akbar Anthony (1977) and

earlier, in Chupke Chupke (1975). In 1976, he was once again cast by director Yash Chopra in his second film, Kabhi Kabhie, a romantic

tale in which Bachchan starred as a young poet named Amit Malhotra who falls deeply in love with a beautiful young girl named Pooja

played by actress Rakhee Gulzar. The emotional eclectic of the dialogue and softness of the subject matter proved a direct contrast to

some of Amitabh's earlier grittier action pictures and those he would later go on to play. The film saw him again nominated for the

Filmfare Best Actor Award and was a box office success. In 1977, he won the Filmfare Best Actor Award for his performance in Amar Akbar

Anthony where he played the third lead opposite Vinod Khanna and Rishi Kapoor as Anthony Gonsalves. 1978 was possibly the most accoladed

year of his career and he starred in all four of the highest grossing films of India in that year. He once again resumed double

roles in films such as Kasme Vaade as Amit and Shankar and Don playing the characters of Don, a leader of an underworld gang and his

look alike Vijay. His performance won him the Filmfare Best Actor Award and considerable critical acclaim as with his performances in

Trishul and Muqaddar Ka Sikander which both earned him further Filmfare Best Actor nominations. On account of this unprecedented run and

success he encountered at this stage in his career, he was billed a "one-man industry" by the French director François Truffaut.

In 1979, for the first time, Amitabh was required to use his singing voice for the film Mr. Natwarlal in which he starred alongside

Rekha. His performance in the film saw him nominated for both the Filmfare Best Actor Award and the Filmfare Best Male Playback Awards.

In 1979, he also received Best Actor nomination for Kaala Patthar (1979) and then went on to be nominated again in 1980 for the Raj

Khosla directed film Dostana, in which he starred opposite Shatrughan Sinha and Zeenat Aman. Dostana proved to be the top grossing film

of 1980.[12] In 1981, he starred in Yash Chopra's melodrama film Silsila, where he starred alongside his wife Jaya and rumoured lover

Rekha. Other films of this period include Ram Balram (1980), Shaan (1980), Lawaaris (1981), and Shakti (1982) which pitted him against

legendary actor Dilip Kumar.

While filming Coolie in 1982, Bachchan suffered a near fatal intestinal injury during the filming of a fight scene with co-actor Puneet

Issar. Bachchan was performing his own stunts in the film and one scene required him to fall onto a table and then on the ground.

However as he jumped towards the table, the corner of the table struck his abdomen, resulting in a splenic rupture from which he lost a

significant amount of blood. He required an emergency splenectomy and remained critically ill in hospital for many months, at times

close to death. The public response included prayers in temples and offers to sacrifice limbs to save him, while later, there were long

queues of well-wishing fans outside the hospital where he was recuperating. Nevertheless, he spent many months recovering and

resumed filming later that year after a long period of recuperation. The film was released in 1983, and partly due to the huge publicity

of Bachchan's accident, the film was a box office success.

The director, Manmohan Desai, altered the ending of Coolie after Bachchan's accident. Bachchan's character was originally intended to

have been killed off but after the change of script, the character lived in the end. It would have been inappropriate, said Desai, for

the man who had just fended off death in real life to be killed on screen. Also, in the released film the footage of the fight scene is

frozen at the critical moment, and a caption appears onscreen marking this as the instant of the actor's injury and the ensuing

publicity of the accident.

Later, he was diagnosed with Myasthenia gravis. His illness made him feel weak both mentally and physically and he decided to quit films

and venture into politics. At this time he became pessimistic, expressing concern with how a new film would be received. Before every

release he would negatively state, "Yeh film to flop hogi!" ("This film will flop").

In 1984, Amitabh took a break from acting and briefly entered politics in support of long-time family friend, Rajiv Gandhi. He contested

Allahabad's Lok Sabha seat against H. N. Bahuguna, former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and won by the one of the highest victory

margins in general election history (68.2% of the vote). His political career, however, was short-lived: He resigned after three

years, calling politics a cesspool. The resignation followed the implication of Bachchan and his brother in the "Bofors scandal" by a

newspaper, which he vowed to take to court. Bachchan was eventually found not guilty of involvement in the ordeal.

His old friend, Amar Singh, helped him during a financial crisis due to the failure of his company ABCL. Therefore Bachchan started to

support Amar Singh's political party, the Samajwadi party. Jaya Bachchan joined the Samajwadi Party and became a Rajya Sabha member.

Bachchan has continued to do favors for the Samajwadi party, including advertisements and political campaigns. These activities have

recently gotten him into trouble again in the Indian courts for false claims after a previous incident of submission of legal papers by

him, stating that he is a farmer.

A 15 year press ban against Bachchan was imposed during his peak acting years by Stardust and some of the other film magazines. In his

own defense, Bachchan claimed to have banned the press from entering his sets almost till the end of 1989.

In 1988, Bachchan returned to films, playing the title role in Shahenshah, which was a box office success due to the hype of Bachchan's

comeback. After the success of his comeback film however, his star power began to wane as all of his subsequent films failed at the

box office. The 1991 hit film, Hum, looked like it might reverse this trend, but the momentum was short-lived as his string of box

office failures continued. Notably, despite the lack of hits, it was during this period that Bachchan won his second National Film

Award, for his performance as a Mafia don in the 1990 film Agneepath. These years would be the last he would be seen on screen for some

time. After the release of Khuda Gawah in 1992, Bachchan went into semi-retirement for five years. In 1994, one of his delayed films

Insaniyat was released but was also a box office failure.

Bachchan turned producer during his temporary retirement period, setting up Amitabh Bachchan Corporation, Ltd. (A.B.C.L.) in 1996, with

the vision of becoming a 10 billion rupees (approx 250 million $US) premier entertainment company by the year 2000. ABCL's strategy was

to introduce products and services covering the entire section of the India's entertainment industry. Its operations were mainstream

commercial film production and distribution, audio cassettes and video discs, production and marketing of television software, celebrity

and event management. Soon after the company was launched in 1996, the first film was produced by the company. Tere Mere Sapne failed to

do well at the box office but launched the careers of actors such as Arshad Warsi and South films star Simran. ABCL produced a few other

films, none of which did well.

In 1997, Bachchan attempted to make his acting comeback with the film Mrityudaata, produced by ABCL. Though Mrityudaata attempted to

reprise Bachchan's earlier success as an action hero, the film was a failure both financially and critically. ABCL was the main sponsor

of the The 1996 Miss World beauty pageant, Bangalore but lost millions. The fiasco and the consequent legal battles surrounding ABCL and

various entities after the event, coupled with the fact that ABCL was reported to have overpaid most of its top level managers,

eventually led to its financial and operational collapse in 1997. The company went into administration and was later declared a failed

company by Indian Industries board. The Bombay high court, in April 1999, restrained Bachchan from selling off his Bombay bungalow

'Prateeksha' and two flats till the pending loan recovery cases of Canara Bank were disposed of. Bachchan had, however, pleaded that he

had mortgaged his bungalow to Sahara India Finance for raising funds for his company.

Bachchan attempted to revive his acting career and had average success with Bade Miyan Chote Miyan (1998), and received positive

reviews for Sooryavansham (1999) but other films such as Lal Baadshah (1999) and Hindustan Ki Kasam (1999) were box office failures.

In the year 2000, Bachchan stepped up to host India's adaptation of the British television game show, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?

entitled, Kaun Banega Crorepati. As it did in most other countries where it was adopted, the program found immediate success. The Canara

Bank withdrew its law suit against Bachchan in November 2000. Bachchan hosted KBC till November 2005, and its success set the stage for

his return to film popularity. In 2009 Oscar winning movie Slumdog Millionaire in the first question of Who Wants to be a Millionaire?

contest "Amitabh Bachchan" was the correct answer to the question "Who was the star of Zanjeer? Feroz Abbas Khan performed as Amitabh

Bachchan in a scene in the movie while Anil Kapoor performed as the host of the contest. Amitabh Bachchan is hosting Bigg Boss 3.

In 2000, Amitabh Bachchan appeared in Yash Chopra's box-office hit, Mohabbatein, directed by Aditya Chopra. He played a stern, older

figure that rivalled the character of Shahrukh Khan. Other hits followed, with Bachchan appearing as an older family patriarch in Ek

Rishtaa: The Bond of Love (2001), Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham (2001) and Baghban (2003). As an actor, he continued to perform in a range of

characters, receiving critical praise for his performances in Aks (2001), Aankhen (2002), Khakee (2004), Dev (2004) and Black (2005).

Taking advantage of this resurgence, Amitabh began endorsing a variety of products and services, appearing in many television and

billboard advertisements. In 2005 and 2006, he starred with his son Abhishek in the hit films Bunty Aur Babli (2005), the Godfather

tribute Sarkar (2005), and Kabhi Alvida Na Kehna (2006). All of them were successful at the box office. His later releases in

2006 and early 2007 were Baabul (2006), Eklavya and Nishabd (2007), which failed to do well at the box office but his performances

in each of them were praised by critics. He also made a guest-appearance as himself in the Kannada movie Amruthadaare, directed by

Nagathihalli Chandrashekhar.

In May 2007, two of his films Cheeni Kum and the multi-starrer Shootout at Lokhandwala were released. Shootout at Lokhandwala did very

well at the box office and was declared a hit in India, while Cheeni Kum picked up after a slow start and was declared an overall

average hit.

In August 2007, a remake of his biggest hit, Sholay (1975), entitled Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag, proved to be a disaster at the box

office and was also poorly received by critics.

His first English language film, Rituparno Ghosh's The Last Lear, premiered at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival on September

9, 2007. He received positive reviews from critics who hailed his performance as his best ever since Black. Bachchan is slated to

play a supporting role in his first international film, Shantaram, directed by Mira Nair and starring Hollywood actor Johnny Depp in the

lead. The film was due to begin filming in February 2008 but due to the writer's strike, was pushed to September 2008.

Bhoothnath, in which he plays the title role as a ghost, was released on May 9, 2008. Sarkar Raj, released in June 2008, received

positive response at the box-office and was a box office success.

In November 2005, Amitabh Bachchan was admitted to Lilavati Hospital's ICU once more, to undergo surgery for diverticulitis of the small

intestine. This occurred after Bachchan complained of pains in his abdomen some days prior. During the period and that following his

recovery, most of his projects were put on hold, including the television show he was in the process of hosting, Kaun Banega Crorepati.

Amitabh returned to work in March 2006.

Bachchan is known for his deep, baritone voice. He has been a narrator, a playback singer and presenter for numerous programmes.

Renowned film director Satyajit Ray was so impressed with Bachchan's voice, that he decided to use his voice as commentary in Shatranj

Ke Khiladi since he could not find a suitable role for him. Before entering the film industry, Bachchan applied for an announcer's

job with All India Radio, although he was rejected.

In the runup to the Uttar Pradesh state assembly elections, 2007, Bachchan made a film extolling the virtues of the Mulayam Singh

government. His Samajwadi Party was routed, and Mayawati came to power.

On June 2, 2007 a Faizabad court ruled that he had legally acquired agricultural land designated specifically for landless Dalit

farmers. It was speculated that he might be investigated on related charges of forgery, as he has allegedly claimed he was a

farmer. On July 19, 2007, after the scandal broke out, Bachchan surrendered the land acquired in Barabanki in Uttar Pradesh and

Pune. He wrote to the chief minister of Maharashtra, Vilasrao Deshmukh, to donate the lands that were allegedly acquired illegally in

Pune. However, the Lucknow Court has put a stay on the land donation and said that the status quo on the land be maintained.

On October 12, 2007, Bachchan abandoned his claim in respect of the land at Daulatpur village in Barabanki district. On December 11,

2007, the Lucknow bench of the Allahabad High Court gave a clean chit to Bachchan in a case pertaining to alleged fraudulent allotment

of government land to him in Barabanki district. A single Lucknow bench of Justice said there was no finding that the actor "himself

committed any fraud or manipulated any surreptitious entry in the revenue records".

After receiving a positive verdict in Barabanki case, Amitabh Bachchan intimated to Maharashtra government that he did not wish to

surrender his land in Maval tehsil of Pune district.

In January 2008 at political rallies, Raj Thackeray, the chief of Maharashtra Navnirman Sena, targeted Amitabh Bachchan, asserting that

the actor was "more inclined" towards his native state than Maharashtra. He expressed his disapproval of Amitabh's inaugurating a girls'

school named after his daughter-in-law, actress Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, at Barabanki in Uttar Pradesh, rather than in Maharashtra.

According to media reports, Raj's censure of Amitabh, whom he admires, stemmed out of his disappointment of not being invited to

Amitabh's son Abhishek's marriage to Aishwarya, despite invitations to his estranged uncle Bal and cousin Uddhav.

Responding to Raj's accusations, the actor's wife, SP MP Jaya Bachchan, said that the Bachchans were willing to start a school in

Mumbai, provided the MNS leader donated the land to build it. She told the media, "I heard that Raj Thackeray owns huge properties in

Maharashtra, in Mumbai—Kohinoor Mills. If he is willing to donate land, we can start a school in the name of Aishwarya here."

However, Amitabh abstained from commenting on the issue.

Bal Thackeray refuted the allegations, stating, "Amitabh Bachchan is an open-minded person, he has great love for Maharashtra, and this

is evident on many occasions. The actor has often said that Maharashtra and specially Mumbai has given him great fame and affection. He

has also said that what he is today is because of the love people have given him. The people of Mumbai have always acknowledged him as

an artiste. It was utter foolishness to make these parochial allegations against him. Amitabh is a global superstar. People all over the

world respect him. This cannot be forgotten by anyone. Amitabh should ignore these silly accusations and concentrate on his acting."

On March 23, 2008, more than a month and half after Raj's remarks, Amitabh finally spoke out in an interview to a local tabloid saying,

"Random charges are random; they do not deserve the kind of attention you wish me to give." Later, on March 28, at a press

conference for the International Indian Film Academy, when asked what his take was on the anti-migrant issue, Amitabh said that it is

one's fundamental right to live anywhere in the country and the constitution entitles so. He also stated that he was not affected by

Raj's comments. In 2009 Amitabh Bachchan Woking with Sujoy Ghosh in Aladin.